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Patents are often studied as signals that convey invaluable insights into a firm’s inventive capabilities, aiding in the reduction of knowledge asymmetries between the firm and external investors. Yet, most researchers examine patents as providing a single positive signal. We argue patents provide multiple and possibly countervailing signals; some characteristics may increase perceived knowledge asymmetries, while others decrease perceived knowledge asymmetries. We provide evidence patent characteristics provide multiple signals, impacting investors’ perceived knowledge asymmetries.

Biopharmaceutical patents: multifaceted signals, reducing and enhancing knowledge asymmetries in drug discovery