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This study explores the implementation strategy of environmental management systems (EMSs) with integration improvement processes in the supply chain. It also explores the change in environmental performance and competitiveness that results when EMSs are strategically implemented. The study uses the taxonomy approach and within-cluster paired-sample  t -tests as its primary methodologies. As the test results show, the study identifies an integration improvement process involving four steps, each focussed on improving integration activities. We then analyze the implementation timing, sequences and levels of each EMS and further determine how to strategically implement these EMSs at each stage. When strategically implementing these EMSs, test results show that environmental performance gradually improves, and competitiveness also gradually improves. The present results have great practical implications in helping manufacturers implement suitable EMSs while controlling pollution emissions via integration.

Implementation strategy of environmental management systems in supply chains