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To evaluate the concentration of hyaluronan acid and proliferation/cellular death in mammary gland of ovariectomized female rat after estroprogestative therapy. Forty ovariectomized female rats were divided into four groups with 10 animals/each:  OG ( vehicle);  EG:  (Estradiol, 7 days of treatment),  PG  (Progesterone acetate, 23 days of treatment), and  EPG:  (Estradiol, 7 days of treatment, and next Progesterone acetate, 23 days of treatment). Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, all animals were euthanized, the mammary gland removed, then, a fragment was immersed in acetone to quantifying of the hyaluronan acid biochemical method (ELISA-Like fluorometric assay), and a fragment fixed for 24 h in 10% formaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) processed for immunohistochemistry method for detection of the cell marker proliferation (Ki67) and cellular marker death by DNA fragmentation the TUNEL method. The estradiol-treatment alone (EG) or associated with progesterone (EPG) affected the concentration of hyaluronan acid, increased cell proliferation, and decreased cell death compared to OG and PG ( p  &lt; .05) in the mammary tissue. Our results suggest that the excessive reduction of HA in mammary tissue, as occurred with progesterone treatment, can lead to a breakdown of the extracellular matrix. These changes may be indicative of mammary pathology such as the development of tumor.

Hyaluronic acid and proliferation/cellular death amount in the female rats mammary gland after estroprogestative therapy