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Theileriosis, an important tick-borne hemoprotozoan disease that can reduce production and productivity, results in severe economic loss in goat industry. Due to lack of facilities and interest of the researchers the sub-clinical form of theileriosis caused by  Theileria luwenshuni  was under diagnosed in Assam, India. Therefore, a study was carried out to determine the prevalence of theileriosis in goats from Kamrup (Metro) district of Assam. A total of 454 blood samples collected from goats revealed 39.87 % (181/454) infection with  Theileria  sp. The genomic DNA extracted from blood samples amplified for a fragment of 18S ribosomal RNA ( 18S rRNA ) gene employing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using  Theileria  genus specific primers showed distinct bands at 1098 bp in agarose gel. The resultant PCR products were sequenced and BLAST analysis indicated 99.9% homology with  T. luwenshuni . Parasitological methods and PCR technique followed by sequence analysis suggest infection with  T. luwenshuni  was associated with theileriosis in investigated goats. The results of the present study showed PCR to be more efficient in detection of  Theileria  positive cases than the microscopic method. Abbreviations:  rRNA: Ribosomal ribonucleic acid; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; ml: milliliter; EDTA: Ethylene Diammine Tetraacetic Acid; °C: degree Celsius; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; ME: microscopic examination; sp.: species; V-volt; µg: micro gram; TAE: Tris-acetate-EDTA; F: forward; R: reverse; NCBI: National Center for Biotechnology Information; BLAST-n Basic Local Alignment Search Tool for nucleotide.

Molecular and microscopic detection of Theileria luwenshuni infection in goats in and around Guwahati of Assam, India