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In this work, the interface morphology and formation mechanism of TC1/1060/6061 composite plates prepared by explosive welding are examined by experiments and numerical simulation. The experimental results show that the non-welded area exists only at the edge of the composite plate, while all the other positions have higher bonding quality. Due to the boundary effect, the morphology of the two interfaces changes continually along the detonation direction, which is reproduced in numerical simulation. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is adopted in the simulation and the interface morphology and vortex structure observed in the experiment is successfully reproduced. Further, the transformation from the initial unstable stage of detonation to the stable stage is clearly revealed by using SPH simulation, and the formation mechanism of the straight TC1/1060 interface and wavy 1060/6061 interface is effectively explained. The straight interface is obtained by direct welding process causing by the violent plastic deformation, while the wavy interface originates from the periodic interaction between jetting and metal plates.

Interface investigation of Ti/Al explosively welded composites with 1060 interlayer: morphology, formation, and development