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Although it has long been recognized that air pollution can affect the immune system and human ocular symptoms, it is uncertain whether air pollutants may also contribute to the development of uveitis. This study aimed to quantify the association of particulate matters less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) with uveitis onset. We combined monthly averages of PM2.5 concentrations, with data from the largest database of uveitis cases to assess the association between PM2.5 and uveitis onset. We further estimated the uveitis burden that was attributed to PM2.5 exposure and used choropleth maps to precisely characterize geographical variations. We found that a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a one-case per 10 individuals increase in uveitis onset across the dataset. Our results further suggest that PM2.5 concentrations above the level of the minimum exposure are responsible for 13% of novel uveitis cases in our cohort. Conclusion: These findings provide evidence supporting the association between fine particulate air pollution and uveitis onset.

Association between Fine Particulate Air Pollution and the Onset of Uveitis in Mainland China