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Background:  This study was performed to explore the safety of breast cancer (BC) mastoscopic surgery from the perspective of immunity and adipokines.  Method:  A single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial was carried out among 42 patients who had undergone surgery from December 2018 to July 2019. All patients were randomly divided into an open surgery group (n = 21) and a mastoscopic surgery group (n = 21). Flow cytometry was used to detect natural killer (NK), CD4 +  T cells, CD8 +  T cells, and regulatory T (Treg) cells in each group 1 d before surgery, 1 h after operation, and 1, 5, and 7 d after operation. The levels of serum leptin and adiponectin were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after operation.  Results:  There were no significant differences in the percentages of NK ( p  = 0.984), CD4 +  T ( p  = 0.591), Treg ( p  = 0.676), and CD8  +  T ( p  = 0.341) lymphocytes between the two groups during the perioperative period. There were no significant differences in the levels of serum leptin and adiponectin before and after operation between the two groups (all  p  &gt; 0.05). There were no significant differences between patients undergoing open surgery and mastoscopic surgery from the perspective of immunity and adipokines.  Conclusion:  Mastoscopic surgery is a suitable surgical choice for patients with BC.

Safety of Breast Cancer Mastoscopic Surgery from the Perspective of Immunity and Adipokines