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Gastric and esophageal cancers are 2 of the most prevalent cancer types worldwide. Polymorphisms in the genes that code the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) enzyme increase the formation of both cancer types. In this study, it was aimed to research the relationship between the existence of  MTHFRC677T  and  A1298C  polymorphisms in patients with gastric and esophageal cancer and the lifespans of patients. This prospective study was performed at Van Yuzuncu Yil University. Included in the study were 30 patients with esophageal tumors, 70 patients with gastric tumors, and 61 healthy volunteers. From each of the patients, 5 mL of blood was drawn. DNA was isolated via kits with spin-column technology. It was concluded that the risk of developing gastric cancer was 4.13 times higher in individuals who had the  AC  genotype of the  A1298C  polymorphism when compared to those who had the  AA  genotype, while the risk was 2.91 times higher in individuals who had the  CC  genotype when compared to those who had the  AA  genotype (P = 0.001, P = 0.027). Carriers of the  AC  genotype of the  A1298C  polymorphism had 2.89 times higher risk of developing esophageal cancer when compared to those who had the  AA  genotype (P = 0.033). It was determined that individuals who had the 1298  CC  genotype were not at higher risk of developing esophageal cancer when compared to those with the  AA  genotype (P = 0.863). It was concluded that individuals who had the  TT  genotype of the  C677T  polymorphism were not at higher risk of developing gastric and esophageal cancers when compared to those who had the  677CC  genotype (P &gt; 0.05). There was no difference in terms of the life spans of the patients with regards to the genotypes (P &gt; 0.05). The results showed that the  A1298C  polymorphism on the MTHFR gene can be a risk factor for gastric and esophageal cancer in eastern Turkey. These polymorphisms may have no effect on the life spans of the patients.

Relationship between MTHFR Gene Polymorphisms and Gastrointestinal Tumors Development: Perspective from Eastern Part of Turkey