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Grey voles  Microtus  sensu lato represent one of the youngest and most successful radiations of rodents in the Holarctic that gave rise to several genera and over 60 living species. Despite abundant fossil record encompassing up to one million years, the early stages of  Microtus ’ evolution remain poorly understood. We describe  Microtus  voles from fluvial deposits (Tobolsky Horizon, the Late Middle Pleistocene) found in 2019–2020 in Gornopravdinsk 2, West Siberia. Based on linear measurements, m1 morphotypes, and configuration of mandibular masseteric crests, we identify the sample as a new taxon  M. nivaloides lidiae  ssp. nov. It appears more advanced than type specimens of  M. nivaloides  sensu stricto from West Runton Freshwater Bed (the Early Middle Pleistocene, Great Britain), and falls within the range of m1 variability of  M. nivaloides  sensu lato from the Middle Pleistocene of Eastern Europe.  M. n. lidiae  is found in a non-analogue faunal assemblage with  Lemmus sibiricus, Dicrostonyx simplicior, Alexandromys oeconomus, Lasiopodomys gregalis , rare  Clethrionomys  cf.  glareolus, Alexandromys  aut  Microtus  cf.  malei, Lagurus  sp. We hypothesise that  M. n. lidiae  was a meadow-steppe element in the Middle Pleistocene communities and a terminal taxon in the ‘ nivaloides ’ clade that became extinct with no descendants. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CB35BDE6-F133-4FD2-ADDA-0FBE93DAE5CA

historical biology

An advanced form of  Microtus nivaloides  Forsyth Major, 1902 (Arvicolinae, Rodentia) in the late Middle Pleistocene of West Siberia: facts and hypotheses