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Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) are prevalent among veteran and non-veteran populations. Current biopsychosocial theory implicates a multitude of factors in MUS development and perpetuation. The current study tests whether  physical symptom attribution  to MUS is associated with perceived symptom severity and bothersomeness and thereby might function to perpetuate MUS, as suggested by existing theory. Military combat veterans (n = 243) answered postal-mail questions about their physical symptoms, severity of experienced symptoms, and attributions of these symptoms to MUS (e.g. Gulf War Illness) versus non-MUS conditions. Independent t-tests showed support for the first hypothesis—that those who experience the symptom and attribute it to MUS will perceive it to be more severe and bothersome than those who experience the symptom but do not attribute it to MUS. Paired-sample t-tests showed support for the second hypothesis—that experienced symptoms attributed to MUS by an individual will be perceived as more severe and bothersome than experienced symptoms the individual does not attribute to MUS. Results highlight a potential role of symptom attribution in MUS perpetuation, through greater perceived severity and bothersomeness of MUS-attributed symptoms. Possible intervention targets may include behavior ramifications, such as coping strategies; more research is needed.

psychology and health

Symptom attribution to a medically unexplained syndrome is associated with greater perceived severity and bothersomeness of symptoms in US military veterans