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The aim of this study was to further assess whether the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is independently associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. From January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2014, patients undergoing regular hemodialysis in the Blood Purification Center of the General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command were retrospectively selected. A total of 303 MHD patients were enrolled in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. For each patient, the endpoint of follow-up was either death or December 31, 2021. The primary endpoints were all-cause and cardiovascular death. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to detect the predictive ability of PLR, and the optimal critical value of PLR was determined to be 107.57. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional analysis were used to assess the prognostic value of PLR. We used the same method to evaluate the correlation between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the prognosis of MHD patients. At the end of follow-up, 128 MHD patients had progressed to all-cause death, and 73 MHD patients had progressed to cardiovascular death. In multivariate Cox regression, both the high PLR group and the high NLR group were independently associated with all-cause mortality (HR 2.608, 95% CI 1.579–4.306,  p  &lt; .001 vs. HR 1.634, 95% CI 1.023–2.610,  p  = .04). Only high PLR expression was associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR 3.379, 95% CI 1.646–6.936,  p  = .001). High PLR levels can independently predict all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in MHD patients.

A high platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients