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The Naples prognosis score (NPS) is a novel prognostic biomarker-based immune and nutritional status and that can be used to evaluate prognosis. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of NPS in SCLC patients. Patients treated with chemoradiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed between June 2012 and August 2017. We divided patients into three groups depending on the NPS: group 0,  n  = 31; group 1,  n  = 100; and group 2,  n  = 48, and associations between clinical characteristics and NPS group were analyzed.  The univariable and multivariable Cox analyses were used to evaluate the prognostic value of clinicopathological characteristics and laboratory indicators for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Data from 179 patients were analyzed. Treatment modality ( p  &lt; 0.001) and serum CEA ( p  = 0.03) were significantly different among the NPS groups. The age, sex, smoking status, KPS, Karnofsky performance score (KPS), disease extent, and number of metastatic sites were not correlated with NPS (all  p  &gt; 0.05).  KPS, disease extent, prophylactic cranial irradiation, treatment response and NPS Group were associated with OS. In addition, KPS, disease extent, prophylactic cranial irradiation, treatment response and NPS Group were associated with PFS. Multivariate analysis results showed that NPS was identified as an independent prognostic factor for OS (Group 1: hazard ratio [HR] = 2.704, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.403-5.210;  p  = 0.003; Group 2: HR = 5.154, 95% CI = 2.614-10.166;  p  &lt; 0.001) and PFS (Group 1: HR = 2.018, 95% CI = 1.014-4.014;  p  = 0.045; Group 2: HR = 3.339, 95% CI = 1.650-6.756;  p  = 0.001). NPS is related to clinical outcomes in patients with SCLC.

Assessment of Naples prognostic score in predicting survival for small cell lung cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy