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In this paper, the asymmetric-Schiff base 2-(4-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)benzylideneamino)benzoic acid  (SB-2)  was newly synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic methods. The interaction of  SB-2  with calf thymus DNA was investigated by UV–vis, fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking methods. It was determined that  SB-2  effectively binds to DNA via the intercalation mode. DNA electrophoretic mobility experiments displayed that topoisomerase IIα could not cleave pBR322 plasmid DNA in the presence of  SB-2 , confirming that the Schiff base acts as a topo II suppressor. In the molecular docking studies,  SB-2  was found to show an affinity for both the DNA-topoisomerase IIα complex and the DNA.  In vitro  antiproliferative activity of  SB-2  was screened against HT-29 (colorectal) and HeLa (cervical) human tumor cell lines by MTT assay.  SB-2  diminished the cell viability in a concentration- and incubation time-dependent manner. The ability of  SB-2  to measure DNA damage in tumor cells was evaluated with cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay after incubation 24 h and 48 h. Light and scanning electron microscopy experiments of tumor cells demonstrated an incubation time-dependent increase in the proportion of apoptotic cells (nuclear condensation and apoptotic bodies) suggesting that autophagy and apoptosis play a role in the death of cells. Based on the obtained results, it may be considered that  SB-2  is a candidate for DNA-targeting antitumor drug. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

journal of biomolecular structure and dynamics

A new bio-active asymmetric-Schiff base: synthesis and evaluation of calf thymus DNA interaction, topoisomerase IIα inhibition,  in vitro  antiproliferative activity, SEM analysis and molecular docking studies