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Prefoldin (PFD) is a heterohexameric molecular chaperone which bind unfolded proteins and subsequently deliver them to a group II chaperonin for correct folding. Although there is structural and functional information available for humans and archaea PFDs, their existence and functions in malaria parasite remains uncharacterized. In the present review, we have collected the available information on prefoldin family members of archaea and humans and attempted to analyze unexplored PFD subunits of  Plasmodium falciparum  ( Pf ). Our review enhances the understanding of probable functions, structure and mechanism of substrate binding of  Pf  prefoldin by comparing with the available information of its homologs in archaea and  H. sapiens . Three  Pf PFD out of six and a  Pf  prefoldin-like protein are reported to be essential for parasite survival that signifies their importance in malaria parasite biology. Transcriptome analyses suggest that  Pf PFD subunits are up-regulated at the mRNA level during asexual and sexual stages of parasite life cycle. Our  in silico  analysis suggested several pivotal proteins like myosin E, cytoskeletal protein (tubulin), merozoite surface protein and ring exported protein 3 as their interacting partners. Based on structural information of archaeal and  H. sapiens  PFDs,  P. falciparum  counterparts have been modelled and key interface residues were identified that are critical for oligomerization of  Pf PFD subunits. We collated information on PFD-substrate binding and PFD-chaperonin interaction in detail to understand the mechanism of substrate delivery in archaea and humans. Overall, our review enables readers to view the PFD family comprehensively. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma Abbreviations:  HSP: Heat shock proteins; CCT: Chaperonin containing TCP-1; PFD: Prefoldin; PFLP: Prefoldin like protein; PfPFD: Plasmodium falciparum prefoldin; Pf: Plasmodium falciparum; H. sapiens: Homo sapiens; M. thermoautotrophicus: Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicus; P. horikoshii: Pyrococcus horikoshii Abbreviations:  HSP: Heat shock proteins; CCT: Chaperonin containing TCP-1; PFD: Prefoldin; PFLP: Prefoldin like protein; PfPFD: Plasmodium falciparum prefoldin; Pf: Plasmodium falciparum; H. sapiens: Homo sapiens; M. thermoautotrophicus: Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicus; P. horikoshii: Pyrococcus horikoshii

journal of biomolecular structure and dynamics

Comparative structural insight into prefoldin subunints of archaea and eukaryotes with special emphasis on unexplored prefoldin of  Plasmodium falciparum