English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

This review paper highlights the significant research conducted on fungi belonging to the genus  Ampelomyces . Phylogeny based on both ITS and actin sequences has grouped  Ampelomyces  into different lineages. However, the ITS2 spacer, one constituent of the ITS region, together with their secondary structures (S2s), showed that these lineages are represented by different S2s; also, evidence of pseudogene formation in nuclear ribosomal genes of two isolates was reported, and S2s in  Ampelomyces  mycoparasites are different from those in  Phoma -like fungi.  Ampelomyces  taxonomy is unresolved and future multi-locus analysis will assist in delimiting species. Members of the genus  Ampelomyces  are among the first mycoparasites used to control powdery mildew fungi as they can efficiently eliminate mycelial growth and reduce the overwintering inoculum of their mycohosts. In addition,  Ampelomyces  isolates were found to be resistant to some fungicides and insecticides, e.g. pyrazophos, an attractive feature for their selection as biocontrol agents. Transcriptome analyses have revealed that expression of the genes that encode proteins putatively associated with virulence and plant immune responses were enhanced during host recognition, while genes-encoding proteins linked to antibiotic resistance were predicted within the  Ampelomyces  genome. Proteomic studies are needed to confirm whether these proteins function in virulence and can therefore be used for biocontrol purposes or as bacterial antibiotic-resistant proteins, and which of these may trigger plant immune responses to facilitate plant protection. We encourage the continuation of these studies to benefit crop protection research.

Ampelomyces mycoparasites of powdery mildews – a review