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According to the driver requirement, the smooth and precise transition between two power sources is the foremost hassle associated with hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) driven electric vehicles (EVs). Generally, the conventional controllers achieve the switching, which might take some time lag due to the consideration of several parameters like current, torque, energy sources state of charge (SOC), and depth of discharge (DOD). This work proposes a new control strategy to achieve a smooth and precise transition between two power sources. A new controller is modeled with four different math functions; further, those can separately programmed corresponding to the Electric Motor (EM) speed named Math function-based (MFB) controller and treated as the main controller. Hybrid controller (HC) is designed by the newly designed main controller is combined with a conventional controller to achieve the proposed control strategy. The conventional/intelligent controller makes the essential signals to the switches present in the bidirectional and unidirectional converters (BDC &amp; UDC); the main controller constantly normalizes the pulses produced by the first controller according to a motor's speed. The hybridized combination of two separate controllers will achieve a smooth and precise transition between two power sources. The three hybrid controllers MFB with fuzzy logic controller (FLC), proportional integral derivative (PID), and proportional-integral (PI), are designed based on the adopted control technique in the presence of the hysteresis current control loop (HCCL) of the converter circuit. After that, three hybrid controllers separately applied to the main circuit, with changed loads, in the MATLAB/Simulink environment.

Design and Comparative Analysis of Controllers Implemented to Hybrid Energy Storage System Based Solar-powered Electric Vehicle