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Monolithic Si 3 N 4  ceramics were fabricated by spark plasma sintering at 1750°C for 15 min under 50 M Pa applied pressure using α-Si 3 N 4  powder with 2 wt% Y 2 O 3 , 2 wt% Dy 2 O 3 , 2 wt% Eu 2 O 3  and 8 wt% Y 2 O 3  as single rare earth oxide additives. It aimed to investigate the effects of the composition and content of rare earth oxide additives on densification, microstructural development, and mechanical properties of α/β-silicon nitride ceramics via XRD and SEM analyses, temperature and displacement curves obtained through spark plasma sintering and mechanical tests. Addition to 2 wt% Y 2 O 3  as an additive into composition resulted in high relative density (98%), hardness (14.9 GPa), and fracture toughness (9.8 M Pa.m 1/2 ). The use of Dy 2 O 3  instead of Y 2 O 3  decreased β-Si 3 N 4  phase ratio and densification rate. This behavior continued further with Eu 2 O 3  addition. The increment of Y 2 O 3  content to 8 wt% provided the same relative density and fracture toughness (98% and 9.8 M Pa.m 1/2 ), whereas hardness was reduced to 12.6 GPa. As a result, densification was achieved only by Y 2 O 3  addition regardless of additive content, and both high hardness and fracture toughness were obtained using only 2 wt% Y 2 O 3  as a single additive.

transactions of the indian ceramic society

Densification Behavior, Microstructural Development and Mechanical Properties of Spark Plasma Sintered α/β-Silicon Nitride Ceramics with Different Rare Earth Oxide Additives