English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The potential of bare and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs), including goethite, hematite, and magnetite, for stabilisation of lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) in contaminated soil was investigated in a greenhouse experiment. The results showed that FeONPs application decreased the availability of potentially toxic elements in soil, and CMC-coated NPs were more effective than bare NPs. CMC-coated goethite proved to be the most effective treatment in reducing the Zn and Cd availability. Its application decreased the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable Zn and Cd concentrations by 49% and 56%, respectively. CMC-coated magnetite was the most effective treatment for the stabilisation of Pb. Its application decreased the DTPA-extractable Pb by 56%. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were higher in samples treated with CMC-coated FeONPs than bare FeONPs-treated samples, indicating that CMC coating NPs enhanced microbial activity. CO 2  emission and MBC were approximately three and five times higher, respectively, in samples treated with CMC-coated goethite than the control. This study suggests that coating of bare FeONPs with CMC improves the adsorption capacity of NPs, making them more chemically reactive, and is a possible technique to reduce the likely antibacterial effects of bare FeONPs.

Impact of bare and CMC-coated Fe oxide nanoparticles on microbial activity and immobilising zinc, lead, and cadmium in a contaminated soil