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The study aimed to determine the relationship between sexual self-efficacy and sexual self-consciousness levels and pregnant women’s attitudes toward sexuality. The data of this descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study were collected from 318 pregnant women between September 2020 and May 2021. A personal information form and the Sexual Self-Efficacy (SSES), Sexual Self-Consciousness (SSCS) Scale, and Attitude toward Sexuality in Pregnancy Scale (AStSdP) were used to collect the data. Six out of ten pregnant women had a positive attitude toward sexuality during pregnancy, and their sexual self-efficacy (26.35  ±  6.71) and sexual self-consciousness (24.75  ±  9.10) levels were moderate. Participants’ AStSdP mean score had a moderate positive correlation with the SSES mean score, a low negative low level relationship with the SSCS mean score, and a moderate negative relationship with sexual shyness ( p  &lt; .05). Risk factors for attitude toward sexuality during pregnancy were SSES total score (Odds Ratio [OR] = .90, 95 percent Confidence Interval [CI] = .86–.95), sexual shyness score (OR = 1.23, 95 percent CI = .901–1.02), and partner training (OR = 3.93, 95 percent CI = 1.58–9.77). Sexual self-consciousness, sexual shyness, and education level of the partner influenced pregnant women’s attitudes toward sexuality during pregnancy. Attitudes toward sexuality, sexual self-efficacy, and sexual self-consciousness levels of pregnant women should be determined in prenatal follow-ups.

Sexuality during pregnancy: attitudes, self-efficacy and self-consciousness