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This paper introduces new valuation schemes called actuarial-consistent valuations for insurance liabilities which depend on both financial and actuarial risks, which imposes that all actuarial risks are priced via standard actuarial principles. We propose to extend standard actuarial principles by a new actuarial-consistent procedure, which we call ‘two-step actuarial valuations’. In the case valuations are coherent, we show that actuarial-consistent valuations are equivalent to two-step actuarial valuations. We also discuss the connection with ‘two-step market-consistent valuations’ from Pelsser, A. &amp; Stadje, M. [(2014). Time-consistent and market-consistent evaluations.  Mathematical Finance24 (1), 25–65]. In particular, we discuss how the dependence structure between actuarial and financial risks impacts both actuarial-consistent and market-consistent valuations.

Actuarial-consistency and two-step actuarial valuations: a new paradigm to insurance valuation