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Community detection is a major issue in network analysis. This paper combinesa socio-historical approach with an experimental reconstruction of programs toinvestigate the early automation of clique detection algorithms, which remainsone of the unsolved NP-complete problems today. The research led by thearchaeologist Jean-Claude Gardin from the 1950s on non-numerical informationand graph analysis is retraced to demonstrate the early contributions of socialsciences and humanities. The limited recognition and reception of Gardin'sinnovative computer application to the humanities are addressed through twofactors, in addition to the effects of historiography and bibliographies on therecording, discoverability, and reuse of scientific productions: 1) fundingpolicies, evidenced by the transfer of research effort on graph applicationsfrom temporary interdisciplinary spaces to disciplinary organizations relatedto the then-emerging field of computer science; and 2) the erratic careers ofalgorithms, in which efficiency, flaws, corrections, and authors' status, weredetermining factors.

interdisciplinary science reviews/isr. interdisciplinary science reviews

Assyrian merchants meet nuclear physicists: history of the early  contributions from social sciences to computer science. The case of automatic  pattern detection in graphs (1950s--1970s)