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To study the degradation of tetracycline by Bi 2 S 3 -based binary composite and ternary composite photocatalysts, Cu 2 O/Bi 2 S 3  and NH 2 -UiO-66/BiOBr/Bi 2 S 3  was successfully fabricated by the solvothermal method, which can effectively and stably degrade tetracycline (TC). The crystal structure, chemical composition, and microscopic morphology of the as-prepared sample were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic performance of the composite photocatalyst was estimated by degradation of TC under visible-light irradiation. The results showed that the removal ratio of TC by Cu 2 O/Bi 2 S 3  and NH 2 -UiO-66/BiOBr/Bi 2 S 3  are 95.2% and 93.2%, respectively. The photoelectric properties of the material were evaluated by PL and EIS analysis, and compared to Bi 2 S 3 , the overall visible light absorption capacity, as well as the separation and transfer rates of photogenerated carriers of the composites photocatalyst have been significantly improved. Both Cu 2 O/Bi 2 S 3  and NH 2 -UiO-66/BiOBr/Bi 2 S 3  can achieve a good photodegradation performance for TC, but the results of UV–vis DRS spectrum, Mott–Schottky curve, and free radical trapping experiments show that their photodegradation mechanism for TC is different. For Cu 2 O/Bi 2 S 3 , •O 2−  and h +  are the main active species in the photocatalytic reaction process, among which •O 2−  plays the most important role, but •OH has almost no effect, and for NH 2 -UiO-66/BiOBr/Bi 2 S 3 , the main active species are •OH and h + . The possible photocatalytic mechanisms for Cu 2 O/Bi 2 S 3  and NH 2 -UiO-66/BiOBr/Bi 2 S 3  are Z-scheme and double Z-schemes are proposed, respectively.

international journal of environmental analytical chemistry

A comparison study of the photocatalytic mechanism and performance of Bi 2 S 3 -based binary composite (Cu 2 O/Bi 2 S 3 ) and ternary composite (NH 2 -UiO-66/BiOBr/Bi 2 S 3 ) photocatalyst for tetracycline degradation under visible-light irradiation