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Chlorophenol compounds are considered as toxic and harmful effects caused by them have been proven for human and living organisms. This study is aimed to reduce 4-chlorophenol from aquatic solution using ultrasound/persulphate technique. Response surface method (RSM) is applied to find out the optimum conditions for 4-chlorophenol removal. The independent variables are pH, contact time, 4-chlorophenol concentration, persulphate concentration and ultrasound power. A statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) is conducted to optimise factors obtained from the experimental data. A second-order model is developed as a great model to predict of 4-chlorophenol reduction efficiency. The optimum conditions is found at pH = 3, reaction time of 65 min, 4-chlorophenol concentration of 15 mg/l, persulphate concentration of 125 mg/L and ultrasound power of 150 W. In terms of 4-chlorophenol removal efficiency R 2 , Adj. R 2  and coefficient of variance (CV) are found to be 0.95, 0.85 and 8.9, respectively. According to the results pH (A), reaction time (B), initial 4-chlorophenol concentration (C), persulphate concentration (D), ultrasound power (E), square terms of pH (A 2 ), reaction time (B 2 ), initial 4-chlorophenol concentration (C 2 ), persulphate concentration (D 2 ), ultrasound power (E 2 ) and interaction terms of AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD, AE,and DE are found as effective factors. The results obtained from the extra experiments at optimal conditions indicates 88.92% removal rate of 4-chlorophenol which confirms a great agreement between the predicted (90.88%) and experimental data.

Degradation of 4-chlorophenol from aqueous solution using ultrasound/persulphate: prediction by RSM