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Harmful effect of nanomaterials on aquatic organisms has accelerated in recent decades due to the growth emission of nanomaterials into water. In the present study, we analysed the toxic effects of TiO 2 , ZnO and MWCTN on diatoms  Nitzschia palea  in both individual and a combined way. After a short-term (96 h) exposure, the changes of cell density, chlorophyll a, MDA, SOD, CAT, total protein content and morphological structure were determined. Our results showed that: (1) The growth of  N. palea  was inhibited with the increase of concentration of nanomaterials; (2) The chlorophyll a content of  N. palea  was sensitive to these three individual nanomaterials; (3) Low concentration of nanomaterials promoted the MDA content in  N. palea , but high concentration inhibited it; (4) The protein content of  N. palea  increased first and then decreased, indicating that nanomaterial stress inhibited diatom protein synthesis and showed dose-effect relationship; (5) After nanomaterial exposure, the SOD enzyme activity of  N. palea  was significantly inhibited, the CAT enzyme activity showed significantly decreased after exposure, comparing with control. The results of this study provide data for the study of algae nano-toxicology and provide a theoretical basis for the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials to freshwater microalgae.

Effects of three nanomaterials on growth, photosynthetic characteristics and production of reactive oxygen species of diatom Nitzschia Palea