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This work describes the fabrication of quantum dot (QD)/silica (SiO 2 ) core–shell particles immobilized with Au nanoparticles and the evaluation of their abilities in fluorescence and x-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging. The QD nanoparticles were coated with silica shells by a sol-gel method using tetraethyl orthosilicate (QD/SiO 2 ). Reduction of Au 3+  in a citrate aqueous solution gave an Au nanoparticle colloidal solution. (3-Mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane thiolated the QD/SiO 2  particle surface (QD/SiO 2 /SH). Immobilization of the Au nanoparticles on the QD/SiO 2 /SH particle surface was performed with the addition of the Au nanoparticle colloidal solution to the QD/SiO 2 /SH nanoparticle colloidal solution (QD/SiO 2 /SH/Au). Surface-PEGylated QD/SiO 2 /SH/Au particles were fabricated using thiol-terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG) (QD/SiO 2 /SH/Au/PEG). The QD/SiO 2 /SH/Au/PEG nanoparticle colloidal solution was imaged by fluorescence and x-ray CT imaging techniques. The CT value per unit concentration of Au (M) for the QD/SiO 2 /SH/Au/PEG nanoparticle colloidal solution was 1.5 × 10 4  HU/M. The QD/SiO 2 /SH/Au/PEG nanoparticle colloidal solution was injected into the tail vein of a mouse and circulated in the blood, although some QD/SiO 2 /SH/Au/PEG nanoparticles were trapped and remained in the liver and spleen.

Fabrication of gold-immobilized quantum dots/silica core–shell nanoparticles and their multimodal imaging properties