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Purpose : To determine the acute and chronic effects of exercise on Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) concentration and activity.  Methods : A literature search was performed using 16 electronic databases. Effect sizes (ES) were computed and two-tailed α values &lt; .05 and non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were considered statistically significant. Heterogeneity, inconsistency ( I 2), and small-study effects using the LFK index were examined.  Results : Eighteen studies ( n  = 377 participants) met the criteria for inclusion. The acute effects of exercise on PON1 concentration were trivial and non-significant (ES = −.03, 95%CI = −.39 to .34,  p  &gt; .05), heterogeneous ( p  = .05), moderately inconsistent ( I 2 = 48%), with minor asymmetry (LFK index = 1.34). The chronic effects of exercise on PON1 concentration were also trivial and non-significant (ES = −.04, 95%CI = −.53 to.45,  p  &gt; .05), homogenous ( p  = .65), displayed low inconsistency ( I 2 = 0%), and minor asymmetry (LFK index = −1.14). The acute effects of exercise on PON1 activity were trivial and non-significant (ES = .11, 95%CI = −.02 to.24,  p  &gt; .05), homogenous ( p  = .85), showed low inconsistency ( I 2 = 0%), and no asymmetry (LFK index = .82). The chronic effects of exercise on PON1 activity were trivial and non-significant (ES = .31, 95%CI = −.03 to.65,  p  &gt; .05), homogenous ( p  = .17), moderately inconsistent ( I2  = 36%), with no asymmetry (LFK index = .60).  Conclusion : Acute and chronic exercise training, overall, exerted a trivial effect on PON1 concentration and activity.

The Effects of Acute and Chronic Exercise on Paraoxonase-1 (PON1): A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis