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A series of multi-arm liquid crystals (2T series) containing trifluoromethyl terminal group were synthesised, with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) as the first core; 10-oxo-10-(4’-((4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl)oxy)-[11’−biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy)decanoic acid (TA) as the liquid crystal arms; and (R,S)-1,2-propanediol (PD), 44’-biphenyldiol (BD), isosorbide (IB) and  p -dihydroxybenzene (DHB) as the second cores, respectively. CDCA2TA is the intermediate product obtained by introducing liquid crystal arm TA into CDCA. 2T-PD, 2T-IB, 2T-DHB and 2T-BD are multi-armed liquid crystals obtained by introducing CDCA2TA into the second cores PD, IB, DHB and BD, respectively. The IR results of CDCA2TA in solid and CCl 4  solutions indicate the presence of hydrogen bonds involving C-F, OH, C=O and Ar-H in the CDCA2TA molecules. When CDCA2TA of chiral smectic A (S m A*) phase is introduced into the second cores, the multi-arm LCs show different LC phases under the influence of the second cores. 2T-PD shows the S m X* phase. 2T-DHB shows cholesteric (Ch) and nematic (N) phases. 2T-BD and 2T-IB show Ch phase. The rigidity of the second cores plays an important role in displaying cholesteric phase for the multi-arm LCs. The second cores also play an important influence on the thermal performance by influencing the conformation of the multi-arm LCs.

The influence of the second core and the trifluoromethy terminal on the properties of multi-arm chenodeoxycholic acid-derived liquid crystals