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This study aims to identify stroke regulation profiles and tipping-points in stroke regulation timing during international open water races according to performance level. Twelve elite or world-class swimmers were analysed during 18 international races. Stroke rate and jerk cost were computed cycle-to-cycle using an Inertial Measurement Unit and regulations profiles fitted using polynomials. We performed two-ways mixed-ANOVA to compare stroke kinematics among race segments and performance groups (G1 -fastest- to G3 -slowest-). Swimmers displayed specific regulation profiles (i.e., J-shape with end-spurt, J-shape without end-spurt and reverse L-shape for stroke rate and U-shape, reverse J-shape and reverse L-shape for jerk cost, for respectively G1, G2 and G3) with significant effect of race segment on stroke kinematics for G1 and G2. We highlighted tipping-points in stroke regulations profiles (TP1 and TP2) at respectively 30% and 75% of the race with greater magnitude in G1 than G2. TP1 reflects the end of a stroke economy period (0–30%) and TP2 the end of a progressive increase in stroke kinematics (30–75%) towards end-spurt (75–100%). Open water races follow a high-grading dynamics requiring biomechanical regulations along the race. Targeting stroke rate reserve and management of stroke smoothness should be considered during training of open water swimmers.

Profiles of stroke regulations discriminate between finishing positions during international open water races