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Nowadays, finding new ways to motivate the production of pharmaceutical compounds along with promoting growth in vegetables has been received more attention. An experiment was organized to find the effects of magnetic solution, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and phosphorus (P) concentration (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg L −1 ) on essential oil production, nitrate reduction and rhizosphere conditions in sweet basil. The results showed that the growth of basil plant, nitrate content of shoots, rhizosphere conditions were significantly affected by both magnetic solutions and AM compared to the control. The value of basil's nutrition increased by nitrate reduction in magnetic field and AM fungi treatments. The application of magnetic solutions and inoculation of AM fungi increased P content in basil shoots and as a result, essential oil concentration at 10 and 20 mg P L −1  increased 70.7% and 102.4%, respectively. The concomitant use of magnetic P solution and AM fungi at 20 mg L −1  increased constituent of essential oils such as neral and caryophyllene 102.3% and 19.66%, respectively. Overall, AM fungi and magnetic solution demonstrate a natural way for improving the growth and production of essential oils in plants.

journal of plant nutrition

Magnetized nutrient solution and arbuscular mycorrhizal affect essential oil and physiological aspects of sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum  L.) grown in various P concentrations