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This study aimed to investigate the possibility that a calcium phosphate ion cluster (CPIC)-incorporating phosphoric acid (PA) solution promotes the remineralization of the hybrid layer and prevents nanoleakage from the dentin–resin interface, thereby minimizing dentin–resin bond failure during long-term bonding periods. The specimens were prepared using human molars and treated with three types of etching solutions (35% PA, and CPIC-incorporated PA solutions at 1:1 and 1:2 ratios). The microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of half of the specimens was measured after 24 h, and measured after thermocycling for the other half. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed to chemically analyze the remineralization, and the degree of nanoleakage in each sample was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The CPIC-incorporated PA-II solution decreased the nanoleakage in the hybrid layer without reducing the µTBS, with or without thermocycling, and promoted remineralization of dentin collagen.

The effects of experimental etchant with calcium phosphate ion clusters on the nanoleakage at dentin–resin hybrid layer