English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Ectophylla alba  almost exclusively feeds on the fruits of  Ficus colubrinae  therefore significantly contributing to dispersal of its seeds. The objective of this research was to quantify the fruit removal of  F. colubrinae  by  E. alba  and compare it with that of birds in a  F. colubrinae  tree at the La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. We established seven quadrats randomly at different heights of the tree. We took photographs of each quadrat, quantified the fruits in each photograph, and compared the number of fruits removed during periods of high and low activity. The on-site persistence time of birds (9:05 min) was higher than that of  E. alba  (0.32 s). Birds removed more fruits (46) than  E. alba  (41). Birds defecated on site more times (13.08 feces per day) than  E. alba  (7.5 feces per day). Thus,  E. alba  is a more important seed disperser of  F. colubrinae  than are birds, because it persisted a short time at the feeding site, and consumed food beyond the individual trees’ canopies. Most importantly, by defecating during flight or away from the fruiting tree,  E. alba  disperse seeds some distance from the  F. colubrinae  tree, thereby contributes more effectively toward seed dispersal.

A comparison of fruit removal in Ficus colubrinae between birds and Ectophylla alba (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in a Costa Rican rain forest