English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

This present study was undertaken to determine whether beta-blockers produce the cutaneous analgesic effect, comparing them with the long-acting local anesthetic bupivacaine. Using a rat model of infiltrative cutaneous analgesia, the effect of 5 beta-blockers (oxprenolol, carteolol, butaxamine, metoprolol, and acebutolol) and bupivacaine was compared and eventually combined with epinephrine. Among 5 beta-blockers, oxprenolol exhibited the most potent and the longest duration of cutaneous analgesia. In dose-response studies, the rank order of efficacy (ED 50  [50% effective dose]) was bupivacaine (0.40 [0.35–0.47] μmol) &gt; oxprenolol (2.33 [2.06–2.64] μmol) &gt; carteolol (4.86 [4.27–5.53] μmol) ( p &lt; 0.01). Carteolol provoked a longer duration of analgesia ( p &lt; 0.01) than oxprenolol or bupivacaine on an equipotent basis (ED 25 , ED 50 , and ED 75 ). Adding epinephrine 1:200,000 to drug preparations (carteolol, oxprenolol, and bupivacaine) at ED 95  had a peripheral action in prolonging the duration of action. Oxprenolol and carteolol had greater potencies and longer durations of cutaneous analgesia than butaxamine, metoprolol, and acebutolol. Oxprenolol produced a similar duration of action when compared to bupivacaine, while carteolol had a greater duration of action than bupivacaine. Cutaneous analgesia of oxprenolol (or carteolol) plus adrenaline was greater than that of bupivacaine plus adrenaline.

Beta-blocker carteolol and oxprenolol produce cutaneous analgesia in response to needle pinpricks in the rat