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Thermo-responsive hydrogels display swell-collapse behavior in response to changing temperature. While the hydrogels themselves have many applications such as environmental and chemical separations, the hydrogel can be incorporated within a membrane substrate to improve its mechanical properties and expand the opportunities for development and implementation. The present work describes synthesis of positive volume transition temperature responsive poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels on cellulose paper substrates. Effects of factors including co-monomer ratios, degree of crosslinking and mass loading are assessed for Series A random copolymer hydrogels in terms of permeability response. Examination of the membranes is then extended to investigate inter-penetrating networks (IPN) between acrylamide and acrylic acid homo-polymer hydrogels. Series B membranes explore the impact of nonpolar ligands on temperature response through addition of butyl methacrylate co-monomer. For both random copolymer and IPN hydrogel membranes, mass loading dominates permeability performance, though certain criteria must be met. Performance of the Series A membranes was found to be ideal when monomer ratio was 1:1 and there was a lower degree of crosslinking. Addition of butyl methacrylate did not appear to have a consistent impact on the membrane response, appearing to be tied to the degree of crosslinking for random copolymer hydrogel coatings.

Synthesis and characterization of positive volume phase transition hydrogel membrane prepared using a cellulose substrate