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Patients with head and neck cancer who receive radiotherapy experience serious side-effects during and after their treatment. Radiotherapy affects the salivary glands, causing a change in the composition of the saliva and a decrease in its flow. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether  Nigella sativa  oil (NSO) has a possible protective effect in preventing the harmful effects of free radicals formed by radiotherapy in rats. Thirty-six male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 200 ± 20 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, sham, irradiation (IR), and IR plus NSO groups. Xanthine oxidase (XO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activities, nitric oxide (NO • ), peroxynitrite (ONOO − ), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in salivary tissue of rats. NOS, XO activities, NO • , ONOO − , and MDA values were found to be significantly higher in the irradiated rats only compared to all other groups. As a results, NSO reduces oxidative/nitrosative stress markers and has antioxidant effects, which also augments the antioxidant capacity in the salivary tissue of rats.

Nigella sativa oil reduces oxidative/nitrosative stress in the salivary gland of rats exposed to total cranial irradiation