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Gentamicin is commonly used for effective treatment of severe Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, its use is being increasingly restricted owing to the ototoxic effects attributed to it. Gentamicin-induced ototoxicity is thought to be related with apoptosis induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we found a novel active peptide from  Neptunea arthritica cumingii  with otoprotective effects and no significant embryotoxic effects. The combined application of gentamicin and this novel active peptide helped sensory-hair cells to protect themselves from lethal ROS accumulation. This, in turn, reduced the expression of three genes ( caspase-3 ,  caspase-9, Bax ), and thereby, the sensory-hair cell apoptosis promoted by ROS accumulation upon gentamicin administration. Our findings provided new insights into the prevention of gentamicin-induced hearing loss.

A new active peptide from Neptunea arthritica cumingii exerts protective effects against gentamicin-induced sensory-hair cell injury in zebrafish