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In this study, we evaluate the two years (from 1 May 2019 to 30 April 2021) global operational sea surface wind speed (SWS) product of Fengyun-3D (FY-3D) polar-orbit meteorological satellite microwave radiation imager (MWRI) using ERA-5 reanalysis data. The total mean bias error (MBE), mean absolute error (MAE) and correlation coefficient of FY-3D/MWRI SWS product are −0.432 ± 3.09 m/s, 1.896 ± 2.50 m/s and 0.76, respectively. The current FY-3D/MWRI SWS data are comparable with the wind speed data of ERA-5 at most of the sea areas, especially the farther offshore sea areas. However, we still find significant overestimations (more than 5 m/s) near the coasts and typical differences in horizontal MBE values in different ascending and descending orbits. Besides, the rainy pixels as another negative impact factor are also common in FY-3D/MWRI SWS product, which can induce manifest overestimations of SWS. Therefore, the future FY-3/MWRI SWS operational algorithm should further develop a rigorous and robust quality-control module and a joint rainy pixel identification algorithm to better eliminate the unreasonable (or anomalous) pixels and rainy pixels. Moreover, the detailed evaluation on the on-orbit calibration performance of MWRI sensor is also necessary for both ascending and descending orbits.

Evaluation on sea surface wind speed product of Fengyun-3D satellite microwave radiation imager using ERA-5 dataset