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Today, due to increasing environmental considerations and efforts to reduce fossil fuel consumption, the need to develop small hydropower plants has become apparent. One way to develop hydropower is to identify places that are suitable for installing small hydropower. The objective of this study is a spatial analysis method to find suitable potential sites for the construction of small hydropower stations. Innovation in this research is a hybrid model for estimation discharge. This hybrid model is including the hydrological Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) model and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) networks based on Improved Farmland Fertility Optimization (IFFO) algorithm, that called SWAT-MLP-IFFO. Using this model increases the accuracy of discharge estimation, therefore, it can help to the accuracy of power estimation. The result in the section showed that the SWAT-MLP- IFFO model can simulation the discharge closer to actual discharge. After evaluating the discharge and the calculated slope of the rivers, points of rivers that have the potential to install hydropower have been identified using GIS software. The results showed that areas with higher discharges and slopes generated more electricity. Also, the results showed that river discharge is preferable to river slope and the discharge has the most effective role.

Optimised power generation system by the SWAT and artificial neural network based on improved farmland fertility optimisation (IFFO) algorithm