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The performance of an improved double-pass hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) solar air heater is analysed in the present work. Hybrid photovoltaic thermal systems overcome the limitations of simple photovoltaic systems. A detailed analytical study was performed under steady-state conditions. The various performance parameters, such as temperature rise of the air, electrical efficiency, thermal efficiency, energy efficiency of the hybrid system, exergy efficiency, etc., were determined. The improved PV/T system showed a better performance compared with the base model PV/T air heater. Electrical efficiency of the base model PV/T air heater varies from 6.49 to 7.65%, while it varies from 7.82 to 9.82% in the case of a PV/T system with slats attached to the absorber due to better heat dissipation. Energy efficiency of the PV/T system without slats varies from 36.34 to 39.65%, while for the PV/T with slats it is between 52.57 and 58.24%.

Modelling and experimental studies on a double-pass hybrid photovoltaic-thermal solar air heater with vertical slats attached in the lower channel