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Acid hydrolysis was performed to produce reducing sugars from pineapple crown (PC), corn cob (CC), and rose stem (RS); the holocellulose contents of PC, CC, and RS were 69.36%, 70.17%, and 63.89%, respectively. The highest production of reducing sugars was obtained at 150 °C and 1.5 M sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) for PC (46.04 g/100 g) and 2.0 M (H 2 SO 4 ) (41.61 and 15.96 g/100g respectively) for CC and RS with a reaction time of 150 min. The Saeman equation adequately described the hydrolysis kinetics. The production of reduced sugars was the predominant reaction ( k 1&gt;  k 2,  k r&gt; 1) instead of decomposition for PC and CC, and that of RS was dominated by the decomposition. The  E aobtained from the Arrhenius equation showed that PC and CC (3.676 kJ/mol mean value from all concentrations used) are more easily hydrolyzable materials than RS ( E a=10.95 kJ/mol mean value). The trends in the thermodynamic parameters,  ΔH , and  ΔG , showed that hydrolysis is an endothermic and non-spontaneous process. The temperature had a greater influence on the production and decomposition of reducing sugars than did the concentration of H 2 SO 4  for PC and CC.

Kinetic and thermodynamic study on acid hydrolysis of corn cob, rose stem, and pineapple crown