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The impact of solvent polarity on the kinetics, reducing capacity, antioxidant activity, and mineral composition of black locust ( Robinia pseudoacacia ) flowers extracts obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction was investigated. The DPPH assay and the Folin-Ciocalteu method were applied to define the antioxidant activity and reducing capacity of the extracts, respectively. The mineral content was defined using the ICP-OES method. Ponomaryov and non-stationary diffusion models were used for modeling the extraction of antioxidants. The obtained results showed that antioxidant activity, phenolic and mineral contents of the extracts were varied significantly depending on the solvent polarity. The highest reducing capacity (3.78 g gallic acid equivalent per 100 g dry weight) had the 50% (v/v) methanol extract, while the strongest antioxidant activity (IC 50  = 0.3381 mg/mL) was found in the 50% (v/v) ethanol extract. HPLC analysis showed that water as a solvent had the highest extraction capacity for vanillic acid and catechin hydrate. ICP-OES analysis confirmed that the black locust flower extracts are rich in macroelements (Ca, Na, Mg, K) with low content of heavy metals (Pb, Cd). The 50% (v/v) ethanol extract had the highest amount of macroelements, predominantly potassium (10.49 g/kg). The prepared extracts due to good antioxidant activity, high phenolic and mineral content, and low heavy metal contents can be considered useful for further human uses.

Black locust flowers: antioxidant extraction kinetics, reducing capacity, mineral composition, and antioxidant activity