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Three new complexes of Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) with bis(2-pyridyl)-di(4-methoxyphenyl)ethene ( KT1 ), bis(µ 2 -chloro)-dichloro-bis(2-(2,2-di(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)vinyl)pyridine)-di-copper(II) ( CuKT1 ), dichloro-2-(2,2-di(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)vinyl)pyridine-zinc(II) ( ZnKT1 ) and hexakis(µ 2 -chloro)-dichloro-tetrakis(2-(2,2-di(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)vinyl)pyridine)-tetra-cadmium(II) ( CdKT1 ) were synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy,  1 H NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The results reveal that  ZnKT1  is a mononuclear complex, while  CuKT1  and  CdKT1  are binuclear and tetranuclear complexes, respectively. The central metal ions are surrounded by two N atoms of bis(2-pyridyl)-di(4-methoxyphenyl)ethene and Cl −  ions including pendant and bridged ones. In the  ZnKT1  complex, a distorted tetrahedral geometry is formed with Zn(II) as central ion and two chloride ions plus two nitrogen atoms of  KT1  as surrounding atoms.  CuKT1  is a binuclear complex with two square pyramids formed around the two Cu(II) ions.  CdKT1  is a tetranuclear complex with two Cd(II) cations having coordination number six (distorted octahedral geometry) and the other two having coordination number five (distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry). The anticancer activity tests on four cancer cell lines, including KB, Hep-G2, Lu and MCF-7, show that  ZnKT1  and  CuKT1  are active against Hep-G2 and Lu but do not considerably damage KB and MCF-G7.  CuKT1  has a considerable effect on two cancer cell lines, Hep-G2 and Lu, with IC 50  values of 16(2) and 13(1)  μ M, respectively.  CdKT1  exhibits excellent activity against all four cancer cell lines, with IC 50  values ranging from 3.5(2) to 8.8(5)  μ M, which are lower than those of cisplatin. These complexes exhibit low cytotoxic activity on the normal cell line HEK-293A with IC 50  values ranging from 10(1) to 74(5)  µ M.

Synthesis, crystal structures and anticancer activities of Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes containing bis(2-pyridyl)-di(4-methoxyphenyl)ethene