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This study was conducted to investigate the potential association of genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase M1/T1 ( GSTM1 ,  GSTT1 ), and N-acetyltransferase 2 ( NAT2 ) genes and epidemiological parameters with the risk of HCC in the Algerian population.A case-control study including 132 confirmed HCC patients and 141 cancer-free controls was performed. Genotyping analysis was performed using conventional multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).GSTM1  null and  NAT2  slow acetylator genotypes confer an increased risk to HCC (OR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.16–3.05; OR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.26–4.18, respectively). This association was prevalent in smokers (OR = 2.00, 95% CI 1.05–3.8 and OR = 2.55, 95% CI 1.22–5.34, respectively). No significant association was observed for  GSTT1  null genotype in the contribution to HCC risk (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.46–1.27).In conclusion, the  GSTM1  and  NAT2  gene polymorphisms are positively associated with the risk of HCC in older men and especially in smokers. This study was conducted to investigate the potential association of genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase M1/T1 ( GSTM1 ,  GSTT1 ), and N-acetyltransferase 2 ( NAT2 ) genes and epidemiological parameters with the risk of HCC in the Algerian population. A case-control study including 132 confirmed HCC patients and 141 cancer-free controls was performed. Genotyping analysis was performed using conventional multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). GSTM1  null and  NAT2  slow acetylator genotypes confer an increased risk to HCC (OR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.16–3.05; OR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.26–4.18, respectively). This association was prevalent in smokers (OR = 2.00, 95% CI 1.05–3.8 and OR = 2.55, 95% CI 1.22–5.34, respectively). No significant association was observed for  GSTT1  null genotype in the contribution to HCC risk (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.46–1.27). In conclusion, the  GSTM1  and  NAT2  gene polymorphisms are positively associated with the risk of HCC in older men and especially in smokers.

N-Acetyltransferase 2, glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in an Algerian population