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This paper examines the dynamic performance of the pantograph passing through an overlap section of the catenary system, using a China’s high speed railway with the 4-span overlap as an example. The pantograph and catenary system are simulated as a lumped mass model and finite element model, respectively. The model is verified according to EN50318:2018. The model is also assessed against an experimental study of the contact force and uplift of contact wire at 300 km/h. Then the contact force and uplift of contact wire at the speed of 150–350 km/h are calculated. The research shows that when the pantograph passes through the overlap, the maximum contact force increases beyond 14%, the standard deviation of the contact force increases by more than 26%, and the increase of the vertical displacement exceeds 38%, which becomes more apparent with the increase of speed. Under the influence of aerodynamic force, when the running speed increases from 150 to 350 km/h, the mean contact force in the knuckle-downstream and knuckle-upstream orientation increase by 59.49% and 97.85%, respectively. As a result, the contact force and vertical displacement increase greatly when passing through the overlap section, which could affect the current collection quality.

Analysis of contact force and uplift of pantograph–catenary system in overlap section based on numerical simulations and experimental tests