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This study examines the clustering of Ellis Act eviction notices in the city of San Francisco over the period 1997 through 2016. The Ellis Act is a California state law that allows landlords to go out of the rental business on a property, withdrawing the property from the market and evicting the tenants as a no-fault eviction. The law has been a source of contention since its enactment in 1986, because tenants argue it is used to displace low-income renters in a broader gentrification process. We address this question with Ripley’s  K  and Kuldorff’s  D  measures that assess the degree of “absolute” and “relative” clustering of Ellis Act evictions using all other eviction notices as the control. If the law is used as intended, we should find support for the null hypothesis that Ellis Act evictions do not cluster spatially relative to the background of controls. The alternative hypothesis that they do cluster relative to other types might lend support to the argument that the law serves as a legal mechanism in the displacement of tenants in a process of gentrification. The authors conclude that Ellis Act eviction notices are clustered in San Francisco in both the absolute and relative senses.

Ellis Act Eviction Notices in San Francisco: “Absolute” and “Relative” Clustering