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The calcified encrusting brown algal genus  Newhousia  is reported from three new archipelagos in the Pacific: (1) Society Islands, French Polynesia; (2) Guam, Mariana Islands; and (3) Vanuatu.  Newhousia  presents a simple morphology consisting of small, rounded, two-layered calcified blades with limited interspecific variability in morphological features. Consequently, resolving cryptic diversity in  Newhousia  requires molecular phylogenetics. Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees, based on the concatenated  cox 1,  cox 3,  psb A,  rbc L and 18S rDNA sequences, supported a sister relationship of  Newhousia  with  Lobophora / Zonaria  clade. Analyses revealed five distinct evolutionary lineages within  Newhousia . Genetic variation between the lineage from Guam and the two hitherto known  Newhousia  species,  N. imbricata  from Hawaii and  N. yagha  from Papua New Guinea, warrant the description of one new species,  N. sumayensis sp. nov . The other two lineages, from the Society Islands and Vanuatu, were identified as geographically distinct populations of  N. imbricata  with limited genetic variation, rather than independent species. In the Society Islands,  N. imbricata  is common between depths of 10 m and 20 m as unattached spherical structures, or attached to hard substrate. In Guam,  N. sumayensis sp. nov . grows abundantly in sciophilous habitats at depths of 10–21 m. We provide the first documentation of spores for this genus and of structures resembling plurilocular antheridia. Increased sampling throughout the Indo-Pacific region is required to further elucidate the distribution range and patterns of species richness in  Newhousia .

Phylogenetic position of Newhousia (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) and the description of N. sumayensis sp. nov . from Guam