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Two new species of the previously monospecific diatom genus  Druehlago  were discovered during the ongoing studies exploring the epizoic and epiphytic diatom flora of the Southern African coasts. These species are formally described here as  D. craspedostauriformis sp. nov . and  D. lobbanii sp. nov . Detailed morphological examination using both light and scanning electron microscopy revealed wedge-shaped frustules with a central constriction containing multiple lenticular chloroplasts, as well as heteropolar valves with wider headpoles and biarcuate raphes, typical of  Druehlago . A stauros narrower than the fascia, a feature not yet reported from  Druehlago  but typical of the morphologically similar genus  Craspedostauros , was observed in  D. craspedostauriformis . Apart from the presence of a stauros, the latter species can be easily distinguished from other  Druehlago  members by its large size, low stria density, externally raised raphe-sternum, and girdle bands with a crenate pars interior. Although the gross morphology of  D. lobbanii  strongly resembled that of  D. cuneata , the two species can be distinguished based on clear differences in size and stria density. Moreover, whereas shallow septa run along the almost entire length of the girdle bands in  D. cuneata , they are absent in  D. lobbanii . Based on the new findings and observations, the taxonomic status of the genus  Druehlag o and its morphological and ecological similarity to  Craspedostauros  and  Achnanthes  are discussed and evaluated.

New observations on the diatom genus Druehlago (Bacillariophyta) and description of two new species from South Africa