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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a greenhouse gas emitted from grazed pasture systems. The influence of phosphorus (P) fertility on these emissions is not understood. This study examined if fertiliser P affected N 2 O emissions following nitrate application to soil from the Winchmore long-term P fertiliser trial. We hypothesised increasing P fertility would enhance soil carbon (C) supply and N 2 O emissions via denitrification. Using mesocosms, N 2 O and CO 2  fluxes were measured over 29 days following KNO 3 - 15 N and glucose additions, along with soil chemical and biological variables. Microbial biomass P increased ( P  &lt; 0.001;  R2  = 98.2%) with increasing Olsen-P. Fertiliser P enhanced net N mineralisation. Cumulative CO 2  fluxes were unaffected by P treatment regardless of KNO 3  addition. Fluxes of N 2 O increased one day after KNO 3  addition with higher emissions at 250 kg ha −1  of superphosphate. Relatively low N 2 O- 15 N enrichment indicated minor denitrification contributions to the N 2 O flux. Subsequently, glucose addition enhanced N 2 O- 15 N enrichment and denitrification in the KNO 3  treatment. Following glucose addition, the emission factor increased with P fertiliser. Denitrification derived N 2 O emissions will increase with P fertilisation but only if C limitation is overcome.

Nitrous oxide responses to long-term phosphorus application on pasture soil