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The aftermath of Sāmoa’s April 2021 election saw an unprecedented constitutional crisis, but this was not the first time that grave uncertainty existed about who had the legal or moral right to form a government. In 1975 and 1982, the head of state appointed prime ministers in a manner different from that specified in the 1962 Constitution. This article compares those earlier events with those that arose in May–July 2021. It argues that the 2021 crisis indicates how far Sāmoa has moved towards a more constitutionalized political order, lessening the once central role of traditional  tama-a-‘āiga  titleholders in decisions over government formation.

The Constitutionalization of Sāmoan Politics: A Comparison of the 1975, 1982 and 2021 Political Crises