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The high infection of adult honey bees with  Nosema  spores is known as nosemosis and can destroy bee colonies. In a previous study, we have reported the anti-nosemosis effect of ethanol and aqueous extracts of  Artemisia dubia ,  Aster scaber , and  A. dubia  +  A. scaber . In the current study, we isolated five phenolic compounds [chlorogenic acid, 3,4-dicaffaeoylquinic acid(3,4-DCQA), 3,5-dicaffaeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA), 4,5-dicaffaeoylquinic acid(4,5-DCQA), and coumarin] from  A. dubia ,  A. scaber , and  A. dubia  +  A. scaber  aqueous extracts and screened for their toxicities and anti- Nosema  effects in both  in vivo  and  in vitro  conditions. Among these five compounds, coumarin, chlorogenic acid, and 4,5-DCQA exhibited less toxic but more potent anti- Nosema  effects than the other two compounds. Especially, chlorogenic acid and coumarin showed prominent anti-Nosema activities even at the lowest concentration (10 μg/mL). They might have the potential to be developed as alternative compounds for the control of  Nosema  disease.

Anti-nosemosis activity of phenolic compounds derived from Artemisia dubia and Aster scaber