English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Depending on the temperature and relative humidity of the air the external activity of the bees can vary in different times of the year and times of the day. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior of external activities of the bee  Melipona fasciculata  in different seasons and periods of the day. Four colonies were used for the study and evaluated for 12 months. The evaluated variables were inputs such as nectar/water inflow, entry with pollen, resin/clay inflow or unloaded bees exit and debris outflow. Evaluations were performed in the interval between 6 am and 6 pm of each month divided into three periods of four hours. The bee  M. fasciculata  performs inflow and outflow activity throughout the year and in all evaluated periods. Season and period did not influence resin/clay collection. The collection of pollen and nectar/water for the interior of the colony was greater in the spring. At the same time, the output of unloaded bee was also higher in the spring. In winter, spring, and autumn, pollen collection was highest between 10 am and 2 pm. Regardless of the season, the nectar/water collection by the bees was concentrated between 10 am and 6 pm. The exit of the colony with debris was influenced by the season and period of the day. With this study, it was possible to identify that the external activity of the  M. fasciculata  occurs in all seasons and periods of the day, however, these can be influenced by the increase or decrease of the daily activities.

External activity of the stingless bee Melipona fasciculata (Smith) kept in the Brazilian Cerrado